Hallazgos en radiografías panorámicas de niños entre 6 y 15 años en un hospital odontológico en Argentina / Findings in panoramic radiographs of children between 6 and 15 years at a dental hospital in Argentina

Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia y localización de pato- logías y anomalías dentarias (anomalías de número, tumores, quistes y piezas retenidas) observadas en radiografías pa- norámicas de pacientes pediátricos de entre 6 y 15 años del Hospital Zonal Especializado en Odontología Infantil "Dr. A. Bollini" de la ciudad de La Plata. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observa- cional descriptivo de 300 radiografías panorámicas, de niños (n=150) y niñas (n=150) de entre 6 y 15 años, seleccionadas aleatoriamente en el área de radiología del hospital, tomadas en el período comprendido entre marzo de 2018 y marzo de 2020. Los datos obtenidos se volcaron en planillas de cálculo y con ellos se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Se utilizaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, tipo de ano- malía o patología (anomalías de número, tumores, quistes y piezas retenidas), pieza dentaria y ubicación (maxilar o man- díbula). Resultados: Dentro de las anomalías registradas (n=147), se encontraron en mayor medida piezas dentarias retenidas, en un 44,22% de los casos (n=65), agenesias en un 42,18% de los casos (n=62) y supernumerarios en un 13,61% de los casos (n=20). No se hallaron quistes ni tumores. Conclusión: En un 24% de las radiografías panorámicas de niños entre 6 y 15 años se halló alguna anomalía dentaria. Las anomalías más frecuentes fueron piezas dentarias reteni- das y agenesias (AU)

Aim: To describe the frequency and location of dental pathologies and anomalies (number anomalies, tumors, cysts and retained dental pieces) observed in panoramic radio- graphs of pediatric patients between 6 and 15 years of age from the Hospital Especializado en Odontología Infantil "Dr. A. Bollini" from the city of La Plata. Materials and methods: A descriptive observational study was performed based on 300 panoramic radiographs of children (150 girls and 150 boys) between 6 and 15 years old, randomly selected in the Radiology area of the hospital, taken in the period between March 2018 and March 2020. The data obtained were entered into spreadsheets and a descriptive sta- tistical analysis was carried out. The following variables were evaluated: age, sex, type of anomaly or pathology (anomalies of number, tumor, cysts and retained dental pieces), dental piece and location (maxilla or mandible). Results: Among the registered anomalies (n=147), re- tained dental pieces were found to a greater extent, in 44.22% of the cases (n=65), agenesis in 42.18% of the cases (n=62) and supernumeraries in 13.61% of the cases (n=20). No cysts or tumors were found. Conclusion: In 24% of panoramic radiographs of chil- dren between 6 and 15 years old, some dental anomaly was found. The most frequent anomalies were retained dental pieces and agenesis (AU)

Prevalencia y análisis descriptivo de los terceros molares en un servicio odontológico del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires / Prevalence and descriptive analysis of third molars in a dentistry service in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires

Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia y el patrón de reten- ción ósea de los terceros molares en pacientes que concurrie- ron a un servicio de urgencias y orientación de pacientes en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio obser- vacional retrospectivo en el que se evaluaron radiografías pa- norámicas de pacientes mayores de 18 años que concurrieron a un servicio de urgencias en el Área Metropolitana de Bue- nos Aires. Resultados: Fueron evaluadas 949 radiografías pano- rámicas. En 347 casos, se presentó al menos un tercer molar retenido. Entre los 1878 terceros molares registrados, hubo 768 retenidos (41%). Según la clasificación de Gregory y Pell, la ubicación más frecuente de los terceros molares retenidos inferiores fue la IIA (28%), y de los superiores, la C (54%). La angulación más frecuente fue la vertical (62%). En el 9% de los casos estudiados, se encontró una radiolucidez asociada al tercer molar mayor a 3 mm. No se encontró diferencia signifi- cativa en la prevalencia de retención según el sexo. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de retención fue mayor en el maxilar inferior que en el superior. La posición más fre- cuente fue la vertical. No se encontraron diferencias significa- tivas en cuanto a la distribución según el sexo (AU)

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of bone re- tention of third molars in patients attending a patient orienta- tion and urgency service in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires City. Materials and methods: This retrospective observa- tional study was conducted in a department of dental urgency in the city of Buenos Aires where we evaluate radiografic or- topantomograms. Results: 949 panoramic radiographs were evaluated. In 347 there was at least one third molar retained. Within the 1878 third molars registered, there were 768 retained (41%). In the lower retained third molars the most frequent location corresponded to the IIA location (28%) and in the upper ones it corresponded to the C location (54%) according to Gregory & Pell. The vertical position was the most frecquent (62%). A radiolucency associated with the third molar greater than 3 mm was found in 9% of the cases studied. No significant difference was found in the prevalence of retention according to sex. Conclusions: The prevalence of retention was higher in the lower than in the upper jaw, the vertical position being the most frequent. No significant difference was found in the distribution by sex (AU)

Evaluation of demographic and radiological risk factors for assessment of difficulty in surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar: a prospective study

The extraction of impacted third molars is among the most common surgical procedures carried out in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Both the patient and dentist must therefore have scientific evidence-based information concerning the estimated level of surgical difficulty of every case to consider in referring cases of impacted third molars for specialists' handling. We have undertaken a study in which demographic and radiological variables were considered to-gether to evaluate the risk factors for surgical difficulty in a cohort of 100 impacted mandibular third molars. There were 13 variables evaluated for surgical difficulty. Total surgical time interven-tion was noted at the end of each surgery. Each variable was analysed with total surgical time intervention with univariate and multiple linear regression. Out of 13 variables, 9 were found sta-tistically significant. The most significant predictors for surgical difficulty were Body Mass Index, Depth of impacted tooth and Retromolar space. No postoperative complications were reported.

Incidence of Lower Anterior Third Molars on Dental Crowding. A New Approach / Incidencia de Terceros Molares Inferiores en el Apiñamiento Dental. Un Nuevo Enfoque

ABSTRACT: This paper main objective is to estimate the level of association between lower anterior crowding and the presence of lower third molars on study models and panoramic dental radiographs of patients treated by the Orthodontics Postgraduate Students at the Dentistry Faculty at the University of Cartagena (Cartagena de Indias, Colombia) and also other dental and radiographs care centers in Cartagena de Indias. It was made using a cross-sectional study at the Dentistry Faculty at the University of Cartagena and others dental care centers in the city. There were 366 study models and panoramic dental radiographs selected by strict inclusion/exclusion criteria for patients. An instrument that includes age, gender, presence or absence of third molars, position of third molars according to Winter's classification, stage of formation of the third molars according to Nolla's classification, and crowding magnitude according to Harfin's classification was used. Data were analyzed based on frequency distributions and proportions; inferential analysis was performed through proportional odds model using the software package IBM SPSS Statistics v23. It was found that the patients with Nolla 6 from the right side are more likely to have mild-moderate crowding magnitude than patients with Nolla 10 on that same side. In conclusion, this research provides as main result the implication of the eruption of the lower third molars and particularly those erupting in mesioangular and horizontal positions in the anterior crowding (AA).

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar el nivel de asociación entre el apiñamiento dentario anteroinferior y la presencia de terceros molares inferiores en modelos de estudio y radiografías panorámicas de los pacientes atendidos por estudiantes del posgrado de ortodoncia de laFacultad de Odontología de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia y también otros centros dentales y de radiografías en Cartagena de Indias. Se realizó un estudio transversal en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena y otros centros de atención odontológica de la ciudad. Se utilizaron 366 modelos de estudio y radiografías dentales panorámicas seleccionadas por estrictos criterios de inclusión / exclusión para los pacientes. Se utilizó un instrumento que incluía edad, sexo, presencia o ausencia de terceros molares, posición de los terceros molares de acuerdo con la clasificación de Winter, etapa de formación de los terceros molares de acuerdo con la clasificación de Nolla y magnitud de apiñamiento según la clasificación de Harfin. Los datos se analizaron en base a las distribuciones y proporciones de frecuencia; el análisis inferencial se realizó a través del modelo de probabilidades proporcional utilizando el software IBM SPSS Statistics v23. Se encontró que los pacientes con Nolla 6 en el lado derecho son más propensos a tener una magnitud de apiñamiento de leve a moderada en comparación a los pacientes con Nolla 10 en ese mismo lado. En conclusión, esta investigación proporciona como resultado principal la implicación de la erupción de los terceros molares inferiores y particularmente aquellos que erupcionan en posiciones mesioangulares y horizontales en el apiñamiento dentario anterior (AA).

Evaluation of 1211 third molars positions according to the Classification of Winter, Pell & Gregory / Evaluación de posiciones de 1211 terceros molares acorde a la Clasificación de Winter, Pell & Gregory

Panoramic radiographs are important for the evaluation and classification of the third molars position, allowing the diagnosis and planning of extraction. The objective of this study is to evaluate upper and lower third molars positions in panoramic radiographs with the classification methods proposed by Pell and Gregory (1933) and Winter (1926) and the subsequent comparison of results with other authors. Panoramic radiographs of 310 patients were analyzed, 197 female and 113 male, totaling 1,211 third molars. In relation to the upper third molars, the most prevalent positions were: angle compared to the long axis of the second molar of Distoangular form (53.23 %) and the depth of impaction as Class C (48.25 %). In the lower third molars, the most prevalent positions were: angle to the long axis of the second molar in Mesioangular classification (52.96 %), the depth of impaction was B (46.54 %) and the tooth relationship with the mandibular ramus was identified as class I (55.26 %). These results provide information that can be utilized in predicting third molar development in terms of impaction or eruption, assisting dental surgeons in making decisions regarding surgical planning and treatment.

Las radiografías panorámicas son importantes para la evaluación y clasificación de la posición de los terceros molares, lo que permite el diagnóstico y la planificación de la extracción. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar terceros molares superiores e inferiores y posiciones en las radiografías panorámicas con los métodos de clasificación propuestas por Pell & Gregory, y Winter y la posterior comparación de los resultados con otros autores. Se analizaron las radiografías panorámicas de 310 pacientes, 197 mujeres y 113 hombres, con un total de 1.211 terceros molares. En relación con los terceros molares superiores, las posiciones más prevalentes fueron: ángulo con respecto al eje longitudinal del segundo molar de forma distoangular (53,23 %) y la profundidad de la impactación como Clase C (48,25 %). En los terceros molares inferiores, las posiciones más prevalentes fueron: ángulo con respecto al eje longitudinal del segundo molar en la clasificación mesioangular (52,96 %), la profundidad de impactación fue de B (46,54 %) y la relación de los dientes con la rama mandibular fue identificado como Clase I (55,26 %). Estos resultados proporcionan información que puede ser utilizada para predecir el desarrollo del tercer molar en términos de compactación o erupción, ayudando a los cirujanos dentistas en la toma de decisiones respecto a la planificación y el tratamiento quirúrgico.

Radiographic analysis and prevalence of impacted maxillary canine teeth in children between 8 and 16 years / Análisis radiográfico y prevalencia de caninos maxilares retenidos en niños entre 8 y 16 años

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines and analyze variables associated with its retention in panoramic radiographs. Manual and Retrospective observational study of 16,835 records. A sample of 1,353 panoramic radiographs was obtained. The variables measured were canine angle, distance from the canine apex to occlusal plane, vertical and horizontal canine location. For reliable measurement an intra class Fleiss and Cohen correlation coefficient was used (0.997). Prevalence was 2.3%. 31 subjects had one or both retained canines. Average age 10.77±2.45, 61.3% were women. 64.5% presented unilateral retaining of which the largest percentage was left. A total of 41 retained canines were observed. Distance to occlusal plane 19 mm on average. In relation to the vertical location the highest percentage (48.7%) was found in the apical third. Regarding the horizontal location the highest percentage (77.6%) was found in sectors 1, 2 and 3. When analyzing the canine angle it was found that 83% measured 31 degrees or more. Radicular resorption was observed in 2 lateral incisors. The prevalence found is similar to that reported in the international literature. It occurred more frequently in women and left unilateral both not statistically significant.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de dientes caninos maxilares retenidos y analizar variables asociadas a su retención, en radiografías panorámicas. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo y manual de 16.835 fichas. Se obtuvo una muestra de 1.353 radiografías panorámicas. Las variables medidas fueron ángulo del canino, distancia de la cúspide del canino al plano oclusal, localización vertical y horizontal del canino. Para la fiabilidad de las mediciones se usó el coeficiente de correlación intraclase de Fleiss & Cohen (0,997). La prevalencia fue 2,3%. Treinta y un sujetos presentaron 1 o ambos caninos retenidos. La edad promedio fue 10,77±2,45, y el 61,3% fueron mujeres. El 64,5% presentó retención unilateral, principalmente del lado izquierdo. Se observó un total de 41 caninos retenidos. La distancia al plano oclusal en promedio fue 19 mm. En relación a la localización vertical, el mayor porcentaje (48,7%) se encontró en el tercio apical. Respecto a la localización horizontal, el mayor porcentaje (77,6%) se encontró en los sectores 1, 2 y 3. Al analizar el ángulo canino, se encontró que 83% midió 31 o más. Se observó reabsorción radicular de dos incisivos laterales. La prevalencia encontrada es similar a la reportada en la literatura internacional. La retención se presentó con mayor frecuencia en mujeres y de manera unilateral en el lado izquierdo, pero en ambos casos no es significativa.

Rare Patterns of Impacted Mandibular Teeth: A Case Series.

Tooth eruption is the axial movement of the tooth from its developmental position within the jaws to the functional position in the occlusion plane. Any interference in the complex sequential events or pathology of the surrounding bone may cause diffi culty in eruption. Th is may cause an ectopic eruption and aberrant eruption pattern. Th is process might be altered by genetic, molecular, cellular or tissue causes too. Impacted teeth may therefore, be non-functional, abnormal or pathological. Moreover, ectopic eruption of second molars is rarely seen and infrequent. Here we report a case series of ectopic eruption of permanent mandibular molars with some rarest presentation.

Surgical Management of Palatally Placed Impacted Mesiodens: A Case Report.

Mesiodens are relatively common and can cause a variety of complications. The clinician should recognize signs and problems suggesting the presence of supernumerary teeth or mesiodens, particularly aberrations in the eruptive pattern, and perform the relevant investigations. On diagnosis, each case should be managed appropriately in order to minimize complications to the developing dentition. Mesiodens is most commonly occurring supernumerary tooth located in anterior maxilla usually seen between upper two central incisors placed labially or palatally and may be erupted or impacted. The present paper describes the surgical management of palatally placed impacted mesiodens in 15-year-old female.

Single Family Members with Multiple Impacted teeth: A Rare Case Report.

Multiple impacted teeth of idiopathic origin are a rare dental anomaly. Various local and systemic causative factors have been implicated in the literature; however, it is unknown at present about the localization of the genetic defect in the phenotype of failure of eruption. Retained primary teeth is a well-known process, but multiple permanent and supernumerary teeth that too asymptomatic is surely a rare possibility. This article aims in to consolidate and organize the available information regarding the tooth eruption failure and to collaborate the current evidence with the report of three adult sibling’s cases of failure of eruption of multiple permanent teeth in a family without a known cause.

Probabilidad de retención de segundos molares permanentes mandibulares (Estudio piloto) / Retention probability of permanent mandibular second molars (Pilot study)

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia del segundo molar mandibular permanente (MM2) con probabilidad de impactación, en un grupo de pacientes de Ortodoncia de Temuco, Chile. Método: Estudio de corte transversal, con muestra por conveniencia. Se revisaron 2095 fichas de individuos de ambos sexos, con ausencia de patología sindrómica. Los datos recolectados se obtuvieron de radiografías panorámicas. Se midió el ángulo del segundo molar con respecto al plano oclusal, la invasión distal del primer molar y la distancia entre distal del primer molar y el borde anterior de la rama mandibular. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los pacientes relevados fue de 10 años. Se observó un 1,43% de probabilidad de retención de MM2 (n=30); en promedio y el plano el ángulo MM2 resultó de 27° el izquierdo y 26° el derecho; la invasión de MM2 en distal del primer molar resultó de 1,5 mm; el ángulo entre MM2 y el planos oclusal es de 123°; la distancia entre la cara distal del primer molar y el borde anterior de la rama mandibular fue 13 mm. Conclusiones: Existe una baja prevalencia de segundos molares mandibulares permanentes con probabilidad de impactación. La invasión a la cara distal del primer molar fue mayor en pacientes con riesgo de impactación.

Objectives. To determine the frequency of risk of impaction of the permanent mandibular second molar (MM2) in a population of orthodontics patients in Temuco, Chile. Method. We conducted a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample. The records of 2095 individuals of both sexes with no syndromic pathology were analyzed. The data were obtained from panoramic radiographies. The following elements were measured: second molar angle in relation to the occlusal plane, distal invasion of the first molar and distance between the first molar and the front edge of the ramus. Results. The mean age of the individuals studied was 10. It was observed that 1.43 % presented MM2 retention probability (n=30) on average. The MM2 angle plane was 27° (left side) and 26° (right side). The invasion of MM2 in distal face of first molar was 1.5 mm on average. The angle between the occlusal plane and MM2 was 123°. The distance between the distal face of the first molar and the front edge of the ramus was 13 mm. Conclusions. The prevalence of MM2 risk of impaction is low. The invasion of the distal face of the first molar is more frequent in patients with risk of impaction.

Four impacted canines in an adult patient: A challenge in orthodontics.

This case report illustrates the management of four impacted canines in an adult patient associated with prolonged retention of the four deciduous teeth. The treatment plan was formulated to extract the lower deciduous teeth, application of the forced eruption with the permanent canines, and extract the upper permanent canines and maintenance of the maxillary deciduous canines. No reshaping of the maxillary deciduous teeth was performed because the patient was satisfied with the results.

Caninos superiores impactados: incidência, etiologia e opções de tratamento / Upper canine impaction: incidence, etiology and treatment choices

Objetivos: Orientar os cirurgiões-dentistas a detectar a retenção dos caninos precocemente e de maneira simples, assim como apresentar as várias formas de tratamento frente a este problema, frisando a cirurgia para o tracionamento ortodôntico que visa trazer o canino retido para a posição correta no arco dentário. Este trabalho consiste na revisão de literatura sobre a retenção de caninos superiores, abordando seu desenvolvimento, sua incidência, etiologia, conseqüências, diagnóstico e as variadas modalidades terapêuticas e suas complicações. Conclusão: O diagnóstico precoce e a conduta preventiva são essenciais para diminuir a incidência de complicações e facilitar o tratamento dos caninos superiores impactados. O tratamento multidisciplinar é mandatório quando se opta pelo tracionamento, para que seja bem planejado e que seja escolhida a melhor técnica para cada caso. O tracionamento a campo fechado é a técnica mais utilizada por apresentar maior número de vantagens.

Objectives: We propose a guideline to help dental surgeon to early diagnosis a canine impaction, emphasizing the orthodontics traction surgery. After this review article concerning many choices of therapy for this disease, we also describe canines impaction, canine development, incidence of impaction, etiology, prognosis, diagnosis and most common surgical techniques and possible complications. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and preventive management are essentials tools to reduce complications, allowing treatment of upper canine impacted. A multidisciplinary treatment is mandatory, when choosing the orthodontic traction in order to have a well planned procedure and select the best surgical technique for each case. The closed eruption technique is prefered because it has more advantages.

Caninos Superiores impactados bilateralmente / Bilaterally impacted upper canines

O presente estudo aborda a questão dos caninos superiores impactados, mais freqüentemente por posição palatina, focando a etiologia, diagnóstico e o tratamento. Há uma grande preocupação em reabilitar o canino retido, pela importância estratégica desse dente no arco dentário, devido sua função nas relações oclusais e estética. Os principais fatores etiológicos da impacção de caninos são a falta de espaço, ausência dos incisivos laterais, interferências mecânicas e hereditariedade. O seu diagnóstico é baseado em exame clínico e radiográfico, e o tratamento mais utilizado é a técnica cirúrgica conjugada com Ortodontia.

This study approaches the issue of the impacted upper canine teeth, which are more frequent by palatine, focusing on the etiology, diagnosis and treatment. There is great concern with rehabilitating the retained canine due to the strategic importance this tooth has on the dental arch, owing to its role in the occlusal and aesthetic relations. The main etiological features of the impaction of canines are lack of space, absence of lateral incisive teeth, mechanical interferences and heredity. Its diagnosis is based on clinical and radiographic tests, and the most commonly used treatment is the surgical procedure along with Orthodontics.

Estudio de prevalencia de patologías dentarias de desarrollo en radiografías panorámicas / A study of the prevalence o developmental oral pathologies in panoramic radiographs

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de patologías dentarias de desarrollo (erupción, forma, posición, tamaño, número) que caracterizan a la población de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, utilizando la información que proporcionan radiografías panorámicas. Se obtuvo la prevalencia de patologías de desarrollo y el análisis de varianza con el objeto decomparar lesiones entre géneros. Se observaron radiografías panorámicas de 1000 pacientes atendidos en la Cátedra de Radiología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, derivados de clínicas de la misma.

Epidemiologic panorama of lower third molar

The aim of this study was to determine the ratio of the impacted lower third molar. 15.926 Libyan natives reported to Oral Surgery Department-Central Dental Clinic-Tripoli from 1989 to1992. 18.81% of them were complaining of different symptoms related to the wisdom tooth. Results of this study showed that 23.80% had fully impacted lower third molar, whereas 76.20% were partly erupted. The position of lower third molar has been classified on vertical impaction in 31.86%, mesio-angular impaction in 23.89%, horizontal impaction in 14.42%, disto-angular impaction in 6.45%, lingu-angular impaction in 8.34%, bucco-angular impaction in 14.99% and atypical impaction in 0.05%. Recurrent pericoronitis was found to be 37.84%, the most frequent reason for lower third molar removal in our patients. Pain- related directly to wisdom tooth, was diagnosed in 6.03% of patients. The incidence of unrestorable caries was found to be 18.90%. Conservative treatment was provided for 741 patients. We conclude that the results obtained from this study indicate that surgical removal of the lower third molar is the most common intervention required for our patients

Third molars classifications prevalence in the cities of Cunha Porã, Maravilha and Palmitos in the nortwest of Santa Catarina state in Brazil

O presente trabalho propõe uma anßlise da prevalência da classificação de terceiros molares, nos municípios de Cunha Porã, Maravilha e Palmitos, no Extremo Oeste de Santa Catarina. Seguiram-se para os terceiros molares superiores e inferiores as classificações jß propostas por alguns autores. Foram examinadas 585 ortopantomografias, 210 de pacientes do gênero masculino e, 375 de pacientes do gênero feminino. Um total de 1815 terceiros molares foi verificado, com o dente 18 (450), dente 28 (465), dente 38 (453) e, dente 48 (447). Os pacientes variaram numa faixa etßria de 15-39 anos, sendo a maior prevalência de 390 pacientes com idade de 15-20 anos. Obteve-se maior prevalência para os terceiros molares superiores nas posições vertical, distal e medial respectivamente. Para os terceiros molares inferiores as posições vertical, medial e horizontal respectivamente, com a Classe I C.

Relación de la arquitectura craneofacial con el 3° molar inferior retenido y su sintomatología / Relationship between craniofacial architecture and retained lower third molar: its symptomatology

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los terceros molares inferiores retenidos, producen una serie de accidentes y complicaciones acompañados de sintomatología, a veces importante y que puede confundirse con otras patologías, en un alto porcentaje de pacientes entre 17 Y 25 años de edad. OBJETIVOS: Teniendo en cuenta la frecuencia de consultas odontológicas por esta causa en nuestra comunidad (ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina) hemos realizado un estudio estadístico para conocer de que manera impacta en la población y poder cotejar con estudios similares realizados en otras comunidades. MATERIALES y MÉTODOS: Para esto se relacionó tipo de retención del tercer molar inferior, con edad, sexo, índice craneofacial y sintomatología clínica presentada. Se practicó estudios de ortopantomografías, teleradiografías de perfil y cefalometrías, sobre 162 pacientes, (92 de sexo femenino y 70 de sexo masculino, total: 270 terceros molares inferiores retenidos), en edades comprendidas entre 17 Y 81 años. RESULTADOS: Los resultados obtenidos nos indicaron que en la población de Córdoba (Argentina) es más frecuente la retención del tercer molar inferior en individuos braquicéfalos, de ubicación mesioangular y horizontal, de sexo masculino. Las retenciones verticales y distoangulares son más frecuentes en sexo femenino. Hay mayor porcentaje de retención Clase I Posición A (según clasificación de Pell y Gregory) en dolicocéfalos. Las sintomatologías, más comunes son: dolor, pericoronaritis, caries en segundo molar. Disminuyen con la edad y es más frecuente en sexo femenino. La edad promedio se manifiesta entre 20 - 24 años. CONCLUSIONES: Basándonos en nuestras observaciones, creemos importante realizar estudios clínicos radiográficos entre 14 y 25 años de edad para evaluar la situación riesgo-beneficio, y decidir o no la extracción profiláctica de este elemento.

Introduction: In a high percentage of subjects between 17 and 25 years of age, retained lower third molars produce various lesions and complications accompanied by symptoms which may be sometimes confused with other pathologies. Objective.- Based on the frequency of dental consultations in our community (City of Córdoba, Argentina), we conducted a statistical study in order to find out how retained lower third molars affect our population, and to compare our findings with similar studies carried out in other communities. Material and methods.- The type of third molar retention was related to age, gender, craniofacial index, and clinical symptoms...

Mesiodens: a retrospective study of fifty teeth.

A retrospective study of 30 cases of mesiodens is presented. male preponderance of 1.5:1. was 64% mesiodens were impacted and 36% erupted. Inverted impacted mesiodens was seen in 62.5% of the impacted mesiodens. 66.6% cases had 2 mesiodens per case. The harmful effects on the dentition were mostly crowding, rotation, diastema and impacted permanent incisor.

Prevalencia de retenciones de caninos en pacientes tratados en la clínica de ortodoncia de UNITEC / Prevanlence o f impacted canines in patients treated in the orthodontic clinic of UNITEC

Se realizó un estudio de tipo epidemiológico en la clínica de ortodoncia de la Universidad Tecnológica de México, en 601 pacientes que solicitaron tratamiento ortodóntico, de los cuales 35 presentaron retenciones de caninos, para determinar la tasa de prevalencia de caninos retenidos en la población mexicana y comparar los resultados con los estudios norteamericanos y europeos.Hallando una tasa de prevalencia de retención de caninos del 5.8, la cual es muy significativa, indicando que la retención de caninos es un hallazgo común en los pacientes que solicitaron tratamiento ortodóntico.Además se describen diferentes características relacionadas con la retención de caninos y se sugieren medidas preventivas para tratar de aminorar estas retenciones

Incidence of impacted teeth in Saudi Arabian dental patients

The records of 1,010 dental patients of Saudi Arabian Nationality comprising of 478 females and 532 males were analyzed for tooth impaction. The incidence of impaction was 18.71% with a significantly higher incidence in females [P <0.05]. The commonest teeth impacted were the 3rd molars [12.5%], permanent canines [3.86%], mandibular 2nd premolars [1.68%] and the maxillary central incisors [0.40%]. Third molar impaction were found more prevalent in females than males [P <0.01], while there was no significant difference in the incidence of canine impaction in both sexes [P <0.05]. Third molar impaction were more evenly distributed in both jaws with a slightly higher mandibular incidence, but in one-third of the cases they occur in both arches. The 2nd premolars, however, were impacted significantly more frequently in the mandible while impaction of the canines was significantly more prevalent in the maxilla